The ear comprises the outer, middle, and inner ear, working together to transmit sound signals to the brain. Human ear is prone to infections and sometimes the ear infections extend into the bone behind the ear. The mastoid bone, located behind the ear, is connected to the middle ear and can be affected by ear infections.

Mastoid surgery becomes necessary when deep seated infections, particularly cholesteatoma, extend into the mastoid, causing hearing loss and erosion of structures.

Mastoid surgery is performed under general anesthesia, taking one to three hours.

Surgeons may use various techniques like atticotomy or mastoidectomy, involving a  small cut above or behind the ear.

The infected mastoid cells are removed, creating a mastoid cavity, which may be left open or closed using tissue from around the ear.

Recovery:

• Pain is manageable with prescribed painkillers.
• Success rate is over 80%, often improving hearing.
• Possible complications include hearing loss, dizziness, tinnitus, and rare facial weakness.
• Typically discharged a day after surgery.
• Dizziness may occur but usually resolves quickly.
• Stitches(if any) removed 1-2 weeks post-op, and packing in the ear canal removed after 2-3 weeks.
• Follow-up appointments for up to 5 years may be required.

Aftercare:

• Keep the ear dry, use a cotton wool ball coated with Vaseline during showers.
• Consult with ENT or GP if increased pain or swelling occurs.

Return to Work:

Approximately 2 weeks off work.

Alternative Treatment:

Mastoid surgery is the primary method to completely remove the infection.

For those unfit for surgery, regular ear cleaning by a specialist and antibiotic eardrops may reduce discharge, but won't eliminate the infection.